Biology · chapter PYQs

Biotechnology and its Applications, on the exam screen.

6 questions from NEET 2026, Re-NEET 2026, NEET 2020, 6 minutes, marked +4 / −1. See them with solutions.

Biotechnology and its Applications · PYQs

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Question 1 · NEET 2026 · Q152 · +4 / −1
The human protein named $\alpha$ -1-antitrypsin, obtained from transgenic animals, is used for the treatment of ______.
Answer and explanation
Answer: (1)
According to NCERT, $\alpha$ -1-antitrypsin produced from transgenic animals is used to treat emphysema, a lung disorder. Alzheimer's disease, rheumatoid arthritis and cystic fibrosis are conditions for which transgenic animal models are created for study, not treated by this protein.
Question 2 · NEET 2026 · Q172 · +4 / −1
The toxin proteins isolated from Bacillus thuringiensis, coded by which of the following genes would control cotton bollworms and corn borer, respectively?
Answer and explanation
Answer: (1)
The cry genes of Bacillus thuringiensis are insect-group specific. The proteins encoded by cryIAc (and cryIIAb) control cotton bollworms, whereas the protein encoded by cryIAb controls the corn borer. Since the question asks for cotton bollworm followed by corn borer, the correct gene pair is cryIAc and cryIAb.
Question 3 · Re-NEET 2026 · Q137 · +4 / −1
The inactive form of Bt toxin is converted to the active form in the insect gut _______
Answer and explanation
Answer: (1)
Bacillus thuringiensis produces the toxin as an inactive PROTOXIN crystal, which is why the bacterium itself is not harmed. Once eaten by an insect, the alkaline pH of the insect gut solubilises the crystal and converts it to the active form, which then binds to the midgut epithelium and creates pores that swell and lyse the cells. The pH dependence is what makes the toxin selective for insects. NCERT Class 12, Biotechnology and its Applications.
Question 4 · NEET 2020 · Q35 · +4 / −1
Bt cotton variety that was developed by the introduction of toxin gene of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is resistant to
Answer and explanation
Answer: (4)
Bt cotton, developed by introducing the toxin gene from Bacillus thuringiensis, is resistant to insect pests. This gene produces a protein that is toxic to certain insects, making Bt cotton effective against insect pests. Chapter: Biotechnology and its Applications.
Question 5 · NEET 2020 · Q81 · +4 / −1
Match the following columns and select the correct option.
List I
List II
P) Bt cotton
I) Gene therapy
Q) Adenosine deaminase deficiency
II) Cellular defence
R) RNAi
III) Detection of HIV infection
S) PCR
IV) Bacillus thuringiensis
Answer and explanation
Answer: (4)
Bt cotton is linked to Bacillus thuringiensis, ADA deficiency to gene therapy, RNA interference to cellular defence and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) detection. Thus P-IV, Q-I, R-II, S-III. Chapter: Biotechnology and its Applications.
Question 6 · NEET 2020 · Q83 · +4 / −1
Which of the following statements is not correct?
Answer and explanation
Answer: (2)
The functional insulin has A and B chains linked together by disulfide bonds, not hydrogen bonds. Chapter: Biotechnology and its Applications.

List I	List II
P) Bt cotton	I) Gene therapy
Q) Adenosine deaminase deficiency	II) Cellular defence
R) RNAi	III) Detection of HIV infection
S) PCR	IV) Bacillus thuringiensis