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Biotechnology and its Applications: NEET previous year questions

Every Biotechnology and its Applications question from the official NEET papers on this site, with the answer and a worked solution.

The questions come from NEET 2026, Re-NEET 2026 and NEET 2020. Each shows its answer and solution when you open it, so you can attempt it first. For what the chapter covers and how NEET tests it, see the Biotechnology and its Applications guide.

Practise on the CBT screen6 questions, 6 minutes, marked +4 / −1Download PDF3 pages, 0.8 MB, with answers and solutions

NEET 2026 · the full paper

  1. NEET 2026 · Q152

    The human protein named α\alpha-1-antitrypsin, obtained from transgenic animals, is used for the treatment of ______.

    1. (1)

      Emphysema

    2. (2)

      Alzheimer's disease

    3. (3)

      Rheumatoid arthritis

    4. (4)

      Cystic fibrosis

    Answer and solution

    Answer: (1)

    According to NCERT, α\alpha-1-antitrypsin produced from transgenic animals is used to treat emphysema, a lung disorder. Alzheimer's disease, rheumatoid arthritis and cystic fibrosis are conditions for which transgenic animal models are created for study, not treated by this protein.

  2. NEET 2026 · Q172

    The toxin proteins isolated from Bacillus thuringiensis, coded by which of the following genes would control cotton bollworms and corn borer, respectively?

    1. (1)

      cryIAc and cryIAb

    2. (2)

      cryIAc and cryIIAb

    3. (3)

      cryIIAb and cryIAc

    4. (4)

      cryIAc and cryIIIAb

    Answer and solution

    Answer: (1)

    The cry genes of Bacillus thuringiensis are insect-group specific. The proteins encoded by cryIAc (and cryIIAb) control cotton bollworms, whereas the protein encoded by cryIAb controls the corn borer. Since the question asks for cotton bollworm followed by corn borer, the correct gene pair is cryIAc and cryIAb.

Re-NEET 2026 · the full paper

  1. Re-NEET 2026 · Q137

    The inactive form of Bt toxin is converted to the active form in the insect gut _______

    1. (1)

      due to alkaline pH

    2. (2)

      due to acidic pH

    3. (3)

      by proteases

    4. (4)

      by nucleases

    Answer and solution

    Answer: (1)

    Bacillus thuringiensis produces the toxin as an inactive PROTOXIN crystal, which is why the bacterium itself is not harmed. Once eaten by an insect, the alkaline pH of the insect gut solubilises the crystal and converts it to the active form, which then binds to the midgut epithelium and creates pores that swell and lyse the cells. The pH dependence is what makes the toxin selective for insects. NCERT Class 12, Biotechnology and its Applications.

NEET 2020 · the full paper

  1. NEET 2020 · Q35

    Bt cotton variety that was developed by the introduction of toxin gene of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is resistant to

    1. (1)

      Fungal diseases

    2. (2)

      Plant nematodes

    3. (3)

      Insect predators

    4. (4)

      Insect pests

    Answer and solution

    Answer: (4)

    Bt cotton, developed by introducing the toxin gene from Bacillus thuringiensis, is resistant to insect pests. This gene produces a protein that is toxic to certain insects, making Bt cotton effective against insect pests. Chapter: Biotechnology and its Applications.

  2. NEET 2020 · Q81

    Match the following columns and select the correct option.

    List I

    List II

    P) Bt cotton

    I) Gene therapy

    Q) Adenosine deaminase deficiency

    II) Cellular defence

    R) RNAi

    III) Detection of HIV infection

    S) PCR

    IV) Bacillus thuringiensis

    1. (1)

      P-III, Q-II, R-I, S-IV

    2. (2)

      P-II, Q-III, R-IV, S-I

    3. (3)

      P-I, Q-II, R-III, S-IV

    4. (4)

      P-IV, Q-I, R-II, S-III

    Answer and solution

    Answer: (4)

    Bt cotton is linked to Bacillus thuringiensis, ADA deficiency to gene therapy, RNA interference to cellular defence and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) detection. Thus P-IV, Q-I, R-II, S-III. Chapter: Biotechnology and its Applications.

  3. NEET 2020 · Q83

    Which of the following statements is not correct?

    1. (1)

      The proinsulin has an extra peptide called C-peptide.

    2. (2)

      The functional insulin has A and B chains linked together by hydrogen bonds.

    3. (3)

      Genetically engineered insulin is produced in E.Coli.

    4. (4)

      In man insulin is synthesised as a proinsulin

    Answer and solution

    Answer: (2)

    The functional insulin has A and B chains linked together by disulfide bonds, not hydrogen bonds. Chapter: Biotechnology and its Applications.

Practise Biotechnology and its Applications in the app: it brings back the questions you get wrong, so the chapter improves, not just your memory of these. Or try the free CBT mock. All chapters: NEET chapter-wise PYQs.

Questions

Are these the official NEET questions on Biotechnology and its Applications?

Yes. They are the questions NTA set in each paper, in its wording. The solutions are written by BrainIt.

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